Chemistry Lab Write-Up free essay sample

To exhibit how changing the temperature at which a response happens influences the pace of the response, the response between calcium carbonate and 1. 0 M hydrochloric corrosive will be seen at 5 different temperature readings. The 5 fluctuating temperatures are focused towards being at 10? C, 20? C, 30? C, 40? C, and 50? C. It is exceptionally unlikely that every preliminary for every one of the 5 unique temperatures will be the specific temperature that was focused on, so it’s simply significant that you wind up having a temperature genuinely near the focused on temperatures with the goal that the paces of responses that you do get are as right as could reasonably be expected. The paces of response will be acquired utilizing a mechanical assembly that will control the carbon dioxide gas being created from the response between the 1. 0 M hydrochloric corrosive and the calcium carbonate from a response chamber into a cup containing water. This trial will be performed by setting around 3. 0 grams of calcium carbonate chips into a carafe containing 35 mL of 1. 0 M hydrochloric corrosive at one of the focused on temperatures. This flagon is known as the response chamber since the carafe contains the real happening response. The response between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric corrosive makes carbon dioxide as one of its items. At the point when the carbon dioxide experiences the cylinder associated with the attachment that seals the response chamber it enters the flagon containing the water the water will be pushed up an alternate cylinder and will dislodged into a 50 mL graduated chamber where you can gauge to what extent it takes for the water to be uprooted up to a specific blemish on the graduated chamber utilizing a stopwatch. In this particular trial you will gauge to what extent it takes for 15 mL of water to be dislodged by the carbon dioxide gas being created from the genuine response. Foundation: The pace of a concoction response is conversely identified with time. This implies the more drawn out a response takes, the lower its rate. Rate can either be estimated by the expansion of item focus partitioned when taken to accomplish that fixation or by the reduction of reactant fixation separated when taken to arrive at that convergence of reactant (An Introduction to the Collision Theory in Rates of Reaction). The crash hypothesis expresses that a concoction response is reliant on the impacts between responding atoms (An Introduction to the Collision Theory in Rates of Reaction). Be that as it may, for a response to happen, these atoms must crash in the right direction and they should slam into adequate vitality to have the option to defeat the initiation vitality required for a response to occur (An Introduction to the Collision Theory in Rates of Reaction). Components that affect the pace of a response incorporate the convergence of reactants toward the start of a response, the surface region of the reactants, pressure at which the response held, the utilization of an impetus, and the temperature at which a response is held(An Introduction to the Collision Theory in Rates of Reaction). Expanding the convergence of the reactants at the commencement of a response builds the pace of the response in light of the fact that as the focus builds, the recurrence of fruitful impacts between responding particles increments too (Ford 123). Along these lines, bringing down the convergence of the reactants diminishes the pace of the response. Diminishing the molecule size, or expanding the surface zone of the reactants builds the pace of the response in light of the fact that by partitioning the reactants you take into account a greater amount of the reactant to be uncovered and that will prompt higher likelihood that the reactants will impact and react(Ford 124). Expanding the weight will build the pace of response, just if the reactants are in a vaporous structure on the grounds that expanding the weight will diminish the volume which will at that point increment the centralization of the gases and lead to progressively effective collisions(Ford 124). The utilization of an impetus will consistently build the pace of a response since it gives a lower actuation vitality to a response to experience effectively (Ford 124-25). Temperature influences the pace of a response tremendously. Expanding the temperature will build the pace of all responses since temperature is a proportion of the normal dynamic vitality of the particles thus the higher temperature speaks to an expansion in their normal active vitality (Ford 123). This likewise implies there will be a bigger measure of particles surpassing the initiation vitality expected to impact effectively and respond; this converts into an expansion in the pace of the response (Ford 123). Numerous responses will in general twofold their response for each 10? C increment in their temperature (The Effect of Temperature on the Rates of Reaction). However, by bringing down the temperature at which a response happens you bring down the pace of response the same amount of as you increment the rate when you increment the temperature. Having the option to control the temperature at which a response happens is significant in light of the fact that by having the option to control the temperature you are additionally ready to control the rate at which responses occur, however in particular you can control how quick you yield the item from the response. For instance, in the Haber Process the item that is being created is alkali (The Haber Process for the Manufacture of Ammonia). By utilizing a low temperature the harmony of the arrangement movements to one side and yields more item, yet utilizing an over the top low temperature and the response will set aside a remarkably long effort to make smelling salts as an item. To take care of this difficult weight and centralization of reactants are expanded so as to have the option to utilize a higher temperature with the goal that the pace of the response is high, yet still creates a decent measure of smelling salts (The Haber Process for the Production of Ammonia). In this investigation the response between 1. 0 M hydrochloric corrosive and calcium carbonate will be examined. The condition for the response between these two substances is: CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) CaCl2(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l) The calcium carbonate responds with the hydrochloric corrosive so as to deliver calcium chloride, carbon dioxide, and water. In this investigation the pace of the creation of the carbon dioxide will be in a roundabout way estimated through the planning of to what extent it takes for 15 mL of water to be uprooted. Be that as it may, in the event that we are estimating to what extent it takes for 15 mL of water to get dislodged into the 50 mL graduated chamber we are likewise estimating to what extent it takes for 15 mL of carbon dioxide gas to uproot the 15 mL water into the 50 mL graduated chamber. Speculation: If the temperature at which the response between 1. 0 M hydrochloric corrosive and calcium carbonate expands, at that point the pace of the response between the 1. 0 M hydrochloric corrosive and calcium carbonate will increment also. As indicated by the impact hypothesis, on the off chance that the temperature at which any response is held is expanded, at that point the pace of that response will consistently build (An Introduction to the Collision Theory in Rates of Reaction). Temperature is a proportion of the normal dynamic vitality of the particles thus a higher temperature speaks to an expansion in their normal active vitality (Ford 123). This likewise implies there will be a bigger measure of particles surpassing the actuation vitality expected to impact effectively and respond; this converts into an expansion in the pace of the response (Ford 123). In any case, temperature and the pace of a response are straightforwardly relative. On the off chance that you increment the temperature of a response the rate will increment also, yet on the off chance that you decline the temperature the rate will diminish as well. Factors: Independent Variable: The temperature at which the response between 1. 0 M hydrochloric corrosive and calcium carbonate is held is the autonomous variable since it is the main variable that is being modified during the examination. In the test we change the temperature of the 1. 0 M hydrochloric corrosive before the calcium carbonate is added for the response to continue to 5 unique temperatures. The 5 changing temperatures are to be around: 10? C, 20? C, 30? C, 40? C, and 50? C. We can change the temperature of the 1. 0 hydrochloric corrosive by developing the 500 mL Erlenmeyer Flask containing the 35 mL of hydrochloric corrosive into cold or high temp water showers. By changing the temperature of the 1. 0 hydrochloric corrosive, the temperature at which the calcium carbonate and the hydrochloric corrosive respond can be changed and we can see how the temperature at which a response between 1. 0 M hydrochloric corrosive and calcium carbonate influences the pace of the response. Subordinate Variable: The pace of the response between the 1. 0 M hydrochloric corrosive and the calcium carbonate is the reliant variable since the variable is being influenced by the adjustments in the free factor, which in this investigation is the temperature at which the response is held. By changing the temperature at which the response is held you will either increment or reduction the rate, contingent upon whether you expanded or diminished the temperature at which the response is held. To gauge the pace of the response between the 1. M hydrochloric corrosive and the calcium carbonate, we will time to what extent it takes for the CO2 gas that is delivered from the response between the hydrochloric corrosive and the calcium carbonate to dislodge 15 mL of water. To uproot the water and measure the measure of time it takes to dislodge it we will utilize a water removal device that will permit us to take the carbon dioxide gas delivered to enter a water chamber and dislodge the w ater from that chamber into a 25 mL graduated chamber, and we will utilize a stopwatch to time to what extent it takes for 15 mL of water to be dislodged. Controlled Variables: 1) The focus and measure of hydrochloric corrosive utilized ought to stay predictable all through the whole trial. Along these lines you should just utilize 1. 0 M hydrochlo

Effect of Life Events on Effective Leadership

Impact of Life Events on Effective Leadership Meers study is subjective in nature. The reason for his examination was to investigate how the chose pioneers comprehends their encounters by understanding the setting of the encounters themselves. It was basic to the viability of his investigation to comprehend the points of view of the pioneers as they related their background and what sway they saw these occasions having on their administration improvement. As life encounters are best related in story position, it best served this examination for the scientist to use individual meetings with members as the essential technique for information assortment. The accounts that pioneers told about their developmental educational encounters can't be separated into effortlessly controlled factors, but instead must be comprehended as entire occasions that convey complex implications for every person. As Meers started his investigation, a hypothesis was not introduced for demonstrating or dis-demonstrating, in any case, during the time spent information assortment a hypothesis emerged. This is reliable with the subjective methodology and explicitly the grounded hypothesis strategy. Strauss and Corbin (1998) characterize grounded hypothesis as: hypothesis that was gotten from information, methodicallly accumulated and broke down through the examination procedure (pg. 12). The hypothetical structure of how compelling pioneers gain from noteworthy beneficial encounters created inside this investigation coordinates this definition. The circumstance concentrated inside this undertaking was the noteworthy educational encounters of viable pioneers with the procedure being initiative and the wonder being the means by which these pioneers gained from their individual critical encounters. The investigation of pioneers beneficial encounters moved from the points of interest of every individual stories to speculations that can be applied to the more extensive zone of administration advancement. Reason Statement The motivation behind this investigation was to find the job that critical life occasions played in the improvement of powerful pioneers. The utilization of the term huge in depicting life occasions could sound to some degree constraining; anyway the goal of this investigation was for members to characterize for themselves what a huge life occasion involves. Using a semi-organized meeting process, pioneers apparent as being successful were met to investigate the importance they verified educational encounters. Through investigation of this data the creator endeavored to find normal rising subjects which affected their turn of events. Issue Statements 1) What is authority? what's more, 2) How do pioneers create? or on the other hand, From where do pioneers come? Arrangement of Research Question, Purpose Statement, and Problem Statement The creator of this paper accepts that the exploration questions, the reason articulation, and the difficult proclamation are all around adjusted. To begin with, in view of the examination question(s), it was basic for the analyst to give an away from of initiative. In doing as such, he had the option to set up an establishment for his examination. Meers study took a gander at powerful pioneers. It was basic for Meers to recognize what a powerful pioneer is. He did this through his audit of writing and the distinguishing proof of administration dependent on a longitudinal report that remembered hypothesis from various pioneers for the field of initiative and authoritative examinations. Meers likewise expected to investigate the establishments of administration improvement. Most explicitly, it was basic for him to incorporate earlier research speculations of how an individual turns into a pioneer and how an individual creates and refines administration ability and characteristics. Meers reason articulation successfully portrays the exploration addresses utilizing compact language. Writing Used to Identify Gaps and Tensions inside the Literature Meers exposition incorporates a thorough writing audit of earlier investigations. He started his survey by characterizing administration, which he achieved through his own procured information. Subsequent to characterizing authority, the inquiry (referenced beforehand) that at that point emerges is: How are pioneers created? Where do they originate from? To address these inquiries, Meers looked to the prior work of Thomas Carlysle called the Great Man hypothesis (Wren, 1995). Meers at that point tended to the change of authority hypothesis during the mid piece of the twentieth century. He depended on the examinations directed by Conger (1992) and Fulmer (1997) who both contemplated the connection among pioneers and supervisors and whose work furnished Meers with a reasonable differentiation among the board and administration. Fulmers examine in regards to early authority preparing furnished Meers with an outline of where the field has been, the place it was at the hour of his exploration and where he saw it headed (Fulmer, 1997). The examinations directed by Burns (1978), Greenleaf (1970) and Kegan (1982) furnished Meers with additional data in regards to the change of authority hypothesis. In his original work, Leadership, Burns (1978) proposed the possibility that there were extremely two types of initiative: value-based and changing (or transformational). Consumes (1978) work at that point urged others to start to consider initiative not the same as the board, with authority being substantially more centered around associations with devotees and especially on affecting others to accomplish shared objectives. For the reasons his examination, Meers didn't direct an exhaustive investigation of hireling initiative and transformational administration, however rather centered around the effect the verbalization and advancement of these types of authority have had upon the field of authority preparing and improvement. He looked to the examination of Greenleaf for this data. Kegans hypothesis of good advancement a ffected the universe of initiative preparing and improvement, principally by presenting his concept of improvement. Meers was intensive in his decision to incorporate crafted by these three scholars. Meers longitudinal report closes with the contemporary work of Peter Senge (1990) who concentrated intently on the association as a learning association. Meers makes a pleasant progress from his segment on the improvement of the association to the genuine encounters of pioneers and administrators and how accentuation has been put after gaining from work encounters, explicitly after utilizing these encounters as groundwork for headway to more significant levels of the board or initiative. Once more, Meers refered to crafted by Senge (1990) and Kegan (1982), and furthermore centered around crafted by Robert E. Quinn (1996) who investigated the significance of individual change in driving authoritative change. To additionally build up the establishment for his zone of study, Meers looked to crafted by Ronald Heifetz of the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University who delivered the significance of gaining from individual encounters and explicitly how the reflection on specific encounters has gotten a piece of some official authority training programs. A specific strategy that Heifetz created and one he utilizes widely in his courses at Harvard is the Case-in-point approach in which understudies in the study hall carry their encounters to class and basically become their own contextual investigations (Parks, 2005). Additionally remembered for Meers writing survey is the subjective examination led by Shamir, Dayan-Horesh and Adler (2005) in which they investigated the biographies that pioneers tell. The motivation behind their examination was to extrapolate basic topics in the pioneers stories that may give further understanding into administration advancement. Shamir, et al (2005) presented the defense that a pioneers own story and even how he/she tells it has a solid effect upon how compelling they are with their supporters. Meers alluded to crafted by Avolio (1994) whose work, in spite of the fact that pivotal in the zone of administration improvement affected by life encounters, was to some degree restricted. The motivation behind Avolios study was to investigate the relationship between's sure educational encounters and to distinguish transformational administration practices. Avolio (1994) chose the beneficial encounters he would break down. Meers expressed in his thesis that while this is a genuine way to deal with a quantitative report, it restricted the decisions of the pioneers as to which encounters they could recognize as having affected their turn of events (Meers, 2009, p. 31). One more restriction to the investigation that Meers revealed was in the more limited spotlight on distinguished transformational pioneers and particularly upon explicit transformational practices. Avolios study discovered some connection between's sure encounters and certain transformational pioneers yet it didn't giv e a lot of understanding into the general effect of life occasions or encounters upon initiative turn of events (Avolio, 1994). Much like the work directed by Avolio, Meers looked to an examination finished by Bennis and Thomas (2002). Bennis and Thomas recognized what they call cauldron encounters which they characterize as those encounters that for the most part comprised of high stakes and regularly were shocking in nature. There were likewise holes in this examination. As with Avolioã ¢s (1994) study, the field was restricted as the pioneers met appeared to be progressively disposed to discuss encounters that they saw as having an effect straightforwardly upon their initiative turn of events. Meers felt that this methodology might not have recounted to the total story seeing advancement as the members doubtlessly naturally constrained themselves in the encounters they chose as having impacts. Likewise, Meers felt that the specialists directing this examination neglected to distinguish the significance of authority. Because of these impediments, Meers accepted that there was space for additional exploration to be directed with characterized pioneers and how they saw they had been affected by their own noteworthy life occasions.

Stephen, Im Putting You On Notice!

Stephen, I’m Putting You On Notice! Believe it or not, admissions officers occasionally try to do things besides reading applications to MIT. One of the things I enjoy doing in my downtime (besides playing with Legos) is watching the  Colbert Report, which is one of my favorite television shows. During one  recent episode, Stephen Colbert interviewed Richard Hersh, a former university president who recently coauthored a book on how higher education is failing in America. During that interview Hersh who I think it is fair to say is somewhat down on education in America today had some very kind words to say about MIT.  (Thanks Richard. The check from Tim Beaver is in the mail). Stephen, though, had some unkind words about MIT, and moreover didnt seem to really get what makes this such a special place. Now, I know such complex concepts may be difficult for him to grasp (after all, truthiness will only get you so far), but, as someone who cares deeply about education, I felt compelled to try. So Stephen, a few of us here at MITAdmissions put something together in a form you might understand:

Analysis Of Yin Yang Way Of Thinking - 2073 Words

Thy Nguyen PHIL-104 Sec 04 Asian Philosophy First Versions of Term Papers Yin-Yang way of Thinking Yin – yang is a Chinese philosophical way of embracing human thought which considers two dimensions including humanity, character, and situations in life. This philosophy emphasizes that two complementary forces exists in the universe that are mutually opposed to one another but still remain in unity. According to â€Å"Hegelian, Yi-Jing, and Buddhist Transformational Models for Comparative Philosophy†, it is believed that the two forces are dependent on another and are well balanced (Robert 6). This paper intends to explore the major aspects of yin-yang way of thinking, how it affects the Confucius and Lao Zi ways of viewing happenings in the universe and the application of this kind of thought to the contemporary society There are some unique characteristics that are associated with the yin-yang way of thinking. These characteristics include; a) Complementary: This kind of thinking believes that the two opposing or different forces complement one another. They depend on one another and there exists the mutual support. Without the existence of one force, the holistic state cannot be achieved either in humanity or the situations in the universe. For example, if there were no violence, the society could not understand the need for peace. b) Universal thought: The good and the bad co-exist in every situation in the universe. This thought believes that, even in humanity, there areShow MoreRelatedReview Asian 104 Essay5895 Words   |  24 Pagesline is either Yang (an unbroken, or solid line), or Yin (broken, an open line with a gap in the center). The hexagram lines are traditionally counted from the bottom up, so the lowest line is considered line one while the top line is line six. Hexagrams are formed by combining the original eight trigrams in different combinations. 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Alan Paton s Cry, The Beloved Country - 1747 Words

All human expression can be broken down into four basic emotions- happiness, sadness, anger, and fear. Of these emotions, none can contest with the influential effects of fear. Throughout history, we have seen the devastating impacts of fear in slavery, Stalin’s brutal reign over Russia, and most significantly, the Nazi party. Fear has constantly been shown to possess and control people to engender dire consequences, much like it does in Alan Paton’s novel Cry, the Beloved Country. In his novel, Paton examines the negative impacts of fear, namely prejudice and corruption. Set in South Africa, the main character, reverend Stephen Kumalo, observes the stark contrast between his poor village and the cosmopolitan city of Johannesburg. Throughout the story, he unearths the changes occurring in South Africa as a result of escalating racial tensions. His journey brings him to an understanding of the harsh struggle of his fellow Africans, and he too begins to experience t he growing fear. Paton explicates that eradication of fear is of utmost importance in fashioning a unified country, and if we fail to set aside our fears, we must forever bear the scars of prejudice and corruption. It is human nature to be afraid of those we deem different, and it is this fear of the unfamiliar that compels us to hate and hold prejudice, even among ourselves. Throughout the novel, the author provides insight into the problems with segregation in South Africa. The white population seeks toShow MoreRelatedAlan Paton s Cry, The Beloved The Country1358 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Blacks, leading up to the Civil War, and during the Apartheid, the Natives were segregated from the Whites. In Alan Paton’s Cry, the Beloved the Country, the main character Stephen Kumalo goes through a journey to restore his tribe. During his journey, he discovers and learns of the injustices in South Africa. Through the parallels and contradictions of biblical allusions, Alan Paton is able to explain the impact of racial inequality in South Africa, but signifies how unconditional love and hopeRead MoreThe White Mans Fear Depicted in Cry, the Beloved Country by Alan Paton830 Words   |  4 PagesThe time of the 1940’s in South Africa was defined by racial oppression of the native inhabitants of the country by the Dutch Boers, also known as the Afrikaners. These people were the demographic minority yet also the political majority. They executed almost complete control over the lives of the natives through asinine rules and harsh punishments. The highly esteemed novel Cry, the Beloved Country tells a story of Stephen Kumalo, a black priest dealing with the struggles of living in the SouthRead MoreImagery In Cry, The Beloved Country By Alan Paton768 Words   |  4 Pagesnoises, etc, as did the roles in the novel. 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The officialRead MoreCry, the Beloved Country by Alan Paton778 Words   |  4 Pagesfront to give it the opposite meaning. Therefore, it means a land free of cold and horror. It’s such an ironic name for a country where people are living their lives with hunger and fear. The conditions in South Africa during mid-1900 were even worse than they are today. Alan Paton addresses these issues in his novel, Cry, the Beloved Country, published in 1948. Paton uses two contrasting places to present his view of South Africa while suggesting solutions. The desolate village of Ndotsheni

The Antitrust Laws Free Essays

The American government has engaged in the development of creating and enforcing legislation as the course of action for everyone to follow when dealing with labor issues and the workforce. In my research I found several pieces of legislation such as the Sherman Antitrust Act, and the Federal Trade Commission Act, the Clayton Act (Federal Trade Commission, n.d. We will write a custom essay sample on The Antitrust Laws or any similar topic only for you Order Now ), and per text the Wagner Act of 1935, and the Taft-Hartley Act (DeCenzo, 2016). Congress passed these legislation as the determining element in how much control that management and/or unions would have in protecting the rights of the workers and the organizations.The US government has been tangled in the development of acting as a intermediary among the corporations and unions with labor clashes. In the 1800’s, there wasn’t many laws that would govern how unions would operate within the organization. So in the early stages of unions organizations thought that the unions were illegal and that they would interfere with the progress of the organization.The Sherman Antitrust Act was the initial legislation implemented that shaped labor unions. This act was critical to the corporation because it prevented any â€Å"restraint of commerce across state lines and the courts ruled that union strikes or boycotts would be covered by the law†. There are two additional act of the Sherman Act, they are the Federal Trade Commission Act the prohibit bias procedures concerning competition and misleading forms of practice, the Clayton Act focuses on certain issues such as mergers and joining boards members . A main strike between the Pullman Palace Car Company and the American Railway Union, where workers walked off of the job, because wages was cut by as much as forty percent. At that time the organization was able to obtain an ruling that prevented both the walk-out and boycott. And because of this labor unions discovered that it would be harder to organize successfully (Shmoop, 2018).The National Labor Relation Act of 1935, which is also known as the Wagner Act was endorsed to protect both employers, and employees, it is the main key for union rights. The Wagner Act distinctively insist that employers should bargain in excellent confidence on issues such as wages, hours, and employment environments. This gave unions control over bias labor habits. Therefore, the Wagner Act empowered unions to be able to grow and advance, plus to establish unions permitting them to protect and bargain together, which means the workforce has the right to come as one to make their demands known even without a union (DeCenzo, 2016) (Shmoop, 2018). Because the Wagner Act sheltered the unions it led to the Taft-Hartley Act which is known as the Labor-Management Act (DeCenzo, 2016). This act covered the concerns of the employer in preventing bias practices of the unions. It prohibited closed stops by declaring them illegal and empowering the states to pass laws that would decrease mandatory union representation. It also, disallowed secondary boycotts by giving the president authority whenever differences may influence national security. Both parties must bargain in â€Å"good faith† by coming to the table intending to reach an agreement. But if they don’t reach one the Taft-Hartley developed the FMCS to help in the talks (DeCenzo, 2016). All of these laws are very important to the corporations and unions since they’re the source of the relationship that is among the workforce and the employer. While the NLRA has changed over time it is very important because it includes how both should work together throughout the bargaining process. And how the Taft-Hartley manages the length of the relationship. But they safeguard that everyone should work collectively throughout the conditions of the association. As a result unionized workers through combined efforts of both the union and organizations cooperative bargaining have produced better wages, benefits , safe environment, and health conditions for the workforce. They have also included better opportunities for the non-unionized workers (Walters, 2003). References DeCenzo, D. A. (2016).Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 12th Edition. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons Inc.Federal Trade Commission. (n.d.). Retrieved from The Antitrust Laws: https://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/competition-guidance/guide-antitrust-laws/antitrust-lawsShmoop. (2018). Retrieved from History of Labor Unions: https://www.shmoop.com/history-labor-unions/law.htmlWalters, M. a. (2003, 8 26). Economic Policy Institute. Retrieved from How unions help all workers: https://www.epi.org/publication/briefingpapers_bp143/.. How to cite The Antitrust Laws, Papers

Business Practices of Woolworths and Wesfarmers

Question: Discuss about the Business Practices of Woolworths and Wesfarmers. Answer: The Australian retail industry is dominated by big game players. There is no chance of a small retail brand to ever grow and prosper in the retail market of Australia. The big brands dominate the entire market with their House products', the products labeled under their brand and exclusively available in their stores only (Gas price regulation for a retail market administrator 2004). The Australian retail market constitutes liquor sales, tobacco, and grocery retail. The big players dominate 60 per cent of the Retail trade, 50 percent of the tobacco trade and 80 per cent of Liquor and vintage alcohol sales. The promotion of their in-house products can be devastating for generic brands. The supermarket brands downgrade and run campaigns against generic brands. The supermarket brands have a huge impact on the flow of liquid cash from the hands of the wealthy to the poor segments. The supermarket brands have also been associated with the tag of highest growing grocery prices in the entir e world. Our brands of Selection for this study The first brand that we have selected for this study and discussion is Woolworths and Wesfarmers. The brand has been dominating the retail trade since its inception. The Coles supermarket brand is owned by Woolworths and Wesfarmers. The Coles has the largest number of grocery retail outlets in entire Australia (Sinapuelas and Robinson 2008). This brand is a common name that we come across each and every day, but we do not pause to think and ponder about the downfall of the economy that this company and its counterparts have brought to our nation. This segment of the industry is dominated by the cash rich and big names who have been major players since their inception. The companies like Coles offer high degrees of resistance to small details and their products by motivating the customers to buy only their products. The second company we have selected for our discussion regarding its ethical pursuance of business is Metcash (AÃ…Â ¾man and GomiÄ ek 2012). Metcash is a company which operates in the distribution and whole selling of grocery and retail. Besides, Metcash operates in the Automotive and luxury car servicing segment. Good business practices of Woolworths and Wesfarmers The company has invested time and effort in agreeing to the policy of good packing and has been playing a key role in up keeping the deals made at the Australian Packaging Covenant signatory. The company has made an excellent reputation in the way they package their product. The company has been an outstanding player in upgrading themselves and their way of packaging to a level of utmost importance. The importance they give for their packaging of the product plays a key role for the customer at the final moment of the choice of buying is made. The company has been involved in many overseas trade agreements with many third world nations (Supply chain technologies – at Woolworths 2003). The commitments have been made regarding direct cooperation to technical knowledge transfer and consultation. The involvements in Bangladesh and Vietnam for direct purchase of their country made cotton and other products. The Uzbek Cotton commitment is one such agreement, the company ahs signed for a direct role in involvement and cooperation. Apart from this; the company has earned the ranking of 67.4 % from the Greenweek rankings. The score is an overall reflection of the environmental commitments and implementation that the company has been engaged in. Criticism and areas of inadequate involvement The Woolworths and Wesfarmers have the largest number of poker machines in Australia. The company earns huge revenue from the sale of chips and gambling (Prospectus for the 1 for 8 Entitlement Offer of approximately 89 million New Wesfarmers Ordinary Shares at an Offer Price of $29.00 per New Wesfarmers Ordinary Share to raise approximately $2.57 billion 2008). The company has been accused many times of robbing the money of its countries' citizens by luring them to earn some money. The customers have complained that they always fail to win money. The company has earned a lot from the sale of poker chips country full. It's time the company makes some effort to stop robbing the people of their hard earned money by stopping these poker centers, and allowing only visitors of other nations to engage in this gambling activity. The Australian legislature can also make some notable changes to stop this trade of poker and gambling. The Nepal government has restrictions in place which bars its countrymen and women from the casinos spread all over the city. The locals are allowed only on the New Years Eve, Christmas and other special days (Prus 2004). The casinos in Nepal are major revenue generators but only at the expense of foreigners. The Australian legislature may take heed of the matter. The company has been criticized by industry experts and public forums for misleading the customers on many matters. The act of negatively influencing the customers has a significant disadvantage for the company and its brand perception. The company often urges the customers in their supermarkets to buy their particular products. This act affects the companies offering generic products or own products a significant loss of revenue and client base. The company has also been fined regarding the above matter. The company we must say has not yet learned to form its mistakes, and continue to embark on its current trend of misleading the consumers. The Coles have been criticized and fined huge amounts by the competent authorities for misconduct and bad behavior towards its customers. The company has had a reputation of mistreating its employees and customers on the premises and various grounds. There have been police investigations on many matters. The company has also been charged with a fine for anticompetitive product and conduct. There might be individual rivalries among many business groups, but the company has been fined for negative conduct. The company earns huge revenue from the direct sale of tobacco and alcohol. The company owned and operated about two-thirds of the total alcohol sales (Paynter and Edwards 2009). The negative health impact the company creates by promoting its alcohol sales and tobacco usage is very harmful to the overall growth and health of the society. Good business conducts and practices of Metcash This brand has also been getting awards consistently on its good packaging practices. The quality of the packaging has been lauded to be pretty good. The company is also a principal signatory of the Australian Packaging Covenant (Ahmed 2009). That marks the company to strictly adhering to its good packaging practices. The company signed the deal promising to supply packaging which is healthy for the customers yet environmental friendly when disposed of as garbage. The company promotes the use of GE-free products in its retail lineup. The company has been using the GE free products before any company in the entire industry. The company believes in the goodness of the GE free products in edible items. The company bagged the Packaging Award of 2015 for the healthiest and safest packaging in all of their products. The company policy of Genetically Modified crops or products is quite satisfactory (Clow and Baack 2004). The companies commitment to the cause of the environment is also well known. Criticism and causes of concern for Metcash The company must embark on a strategy of sustainable progress and development. The company cannot succeed in the long term without implementing the policies of the sustainable business. The aspects of the business which make the industry comment on the negative aspects of Metcashs business practices are related to gaming. The causes of significant revenue for the company apparently come from the gambling industry. The company relies heavily on its gambling trade for its generation of major revenue annually. The trade is a major hit among the countries citizens. But the trade heavily drains out money from the pockets of the poor and middle class. The company owned and operated major casinos all over Australia. The citizens must not only be discouraged from gambling, but these broad casinos must be closed urgently (Revenue 2005). The downfall of the economy can be attributed by some to gambling and massive spending. The company also accounts for almost major tobacco trade. The company has been tremendously criticized for its direct involvement in tobacco and alcohol promotion. The company portrays the image of alcoholism and gambling along with smoking tobacco as a positive aspect of this culture, except that in reality it's not. The company is involved in the grocery. The company sources its palm oil from unreliable and uncertified sources. The palm oil cultivations in Indonesia and Java, Sumatra are done by burning forest tracts and cultivating on them. The lungs of South Asia, which are the tropical rainforests of these countries suck out significant carbon dioxide and greenhouse gasses (Jope 2012). The clearing of these forests for the cultivation of palm trees is harmful to the environment. Moreover, where palm trees are planted, the soil is rendered ineffective for any advancement in future times. The company must stop these unsustainable business practices at the earliest or must face destruction (Saharjo et al. 2006). The company cannot survive with all these negative criticism in the long run. The company must embark on the strategies of free trade and must promote competitive behavior among its contemporaries. It is high time, the company is made to realize this, and amend on its mistakes or it may suffer massive losses regarding the brand value and public perception. References Ahmed, A. (2009). Good manufacturing practices.ISBT Science Series, 4(1), pp.6-10. AÃ…Â ¾man, S. and GomiÄ ek, B. (2012). Asymmetric and Nonlinear Impact of Attribute-Level Performance on Overall Customer Satisfaction in the Context of Car Servicing of Four European Automotive Brands in Slovenia.Organizacija, 45(2). Clow, K. and Baack, D. (2004).Integrated advertising, promotion marketing communications. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Gas price regulation for a retail market administrator. (2004). Adelaide: Essential Services Commission of South Australia. Jope, J. (2012). Special Edition: International Palm Oil Sustainability Conference 2012 Abstracts.Palm Scent, 3(6), pp.51-74. Paynter, J. and Edwards, R. (2009). The impact of tobacco promotion at the point of sale: A systematic review.Nicotine Tobacco Research, 11(1), pp.25-35. Prospectus for the 1 for 8 Entitlement Offer of approximately 89 million New Wesfarmers Ordinary Shares at an Offer Price of $29.00 per New Wesfarmers Ordinary Share to raise approximately $2.57 billion. (2008). Perth, W.A.: Wesfarmers. Prus, R. (2004). Gambling as activity: Subcultural life-worlds, personal intrigues and persistent involvements 1.Journal of Gambling Issues, 10. Revenue. (2005). Kuala Lumpur: Lembaga Piawaian Perakaunan Malaysia. Saharjo, B., Sudo, S., Yonemura, S. and Tsuruta, H. (2006). Greenhouse gasses produced during burning in the land preparation area using fire in peat area belong to the community.Forest Ecology and Management, 234, p.S247. Sinapuelas, I. and Robinson, W. (2008). Entry for supermarket feature me-too brands: An empirical explanation of incidence and timing.Marketing Letters, 20(2), pp.183-196. Supply chain technologies – at Woolworths. (2003).Work Study, 52(1).